Mga halimbawa ng Estimator

Mga bersyon ng package

Ang code sa pahinang ito ay binuo gamit ang mga sumusunod na kinakailangan. Inirerekumenda naming gamitin ang mga bersyong ito o mas bago.

qiskit[all]~=2.5.2
qiskit-ibm-runtime~=0.47.0

Ang mga halimbawa sa seksyong ito ay naglalarawan ng ilang karaniwang paraan ng paggamit ng Estimator. Bago patakbuhin ang mga halimbawang ito, sundin ang mga tagubilin sa I-install ang Qiskit.

tala

Ang lahat ng halimbawang ito ay gumagamit ng IBM Quantum primitives, ngunit maaari kang gumamit ng mga base primitive sa halip.

Mahusay na kalkulahin at bigyang-kahulugan ang mga expectation value ng mga quantum operator na kinakailangan para sa maraming algorithm gamit ang Estimator. I-explore ang mga paggamit sa molecular modeling, machine learning, at mga kumplikadong problema sa optimization.

Magpatakbo ng isang eksperimento

Gamitin ang Estimator para matukoy ang expectation value ng isang pares ng circuit-observable.

# Added by doQumentation — installs the packages this notebook needs if they are missing
import importlib.util

_needed = {"numpy": "numpy", "qiskit": "qiskit", "qiskit_ibm_runtime": "qiskit-ibm-runtime"}
_missing = [pip for module, pip in _needed.items()
            if importlib.util.find_spec(module) is None]
# One at a time, so a package that fails to install does not block the others
for _pip in _missing:
    %pip install -q {_pip}
if not _missing:
    print("\u2713 All required packages are installed")

import numpy as np
from qiskit.circuit.library import iqp
from qiskit.transpiler import generate_preset_pass_manager
from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp, random_hermitian
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService

# Legacy server-side primitive before qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
# from qiskit_ibm_runtime import Estimator

# Client-side primitive introduced in qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
from qiskit_ibm_runtime.executor_estimator import Estimator

n_qubits = 50

service = QiskitRuntimeService()
backend = service.least_busy(
    operational=True, simulator=False, min_num_qubits=n_qubits
)

mat = np.real(random_hermitian(n_qubits, seed=1234))
circuit = iqp(mat)
observable = SparsePauliOp("Z" * 50)

pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=backend, optimization_level=1)
isa_circuit = pm.run(circuit)
isa_observable = observable.apply_layout(isa_circuit.layout)

estimator = Estimator(mode=backend)
job = estimator.run([(isa_circuit, isa_observable)])
result = job.result()

print(f" > Expectation value: {result[0].data.evs}")
print(f" > Metadata: {result[0].metadata}")

> Expectation value: 0.012658227848101266
 > Metadata: {'shots': 4096, 'target_precision': 0.015625, 'circuit_metadata': {}, 'resilience': {}, 'num_randomizations': 32}

Magpatakbo ng maraming eksperimento sa isang job

Gamitin ang Estimator para matukoy ang mga expectation value ng maraming pares ng circuit-observable.

import numpy as np
from qiskit.circuit.library import iqp
from qiskit.transpiler import generate_preset_pass_manager
from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp, random_hermitian
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService

# Legacy server-side primitive before qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
# from qiskit_ibm_runtime import Estimator

# Client-side primitive introduced in qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
from qiskit_ibm_runtime.executor_estimator import Estimator

n_qubits = 50

service = QiskitRuntimeService()
backend = service.least_busy(
    operational=True, simulator=False, min_num_qubits=n_qubits
)

rng = np.random.default_rng()
mats = [np.real(random_hermitian(n_qubits, seed=rng)) for _ in range(3)]

pubs = []
circuits = [iqp(mat) for mat in mats]
observables = [
    SparsePauliOp("X" * 50),
    SparsePauliOp("Y" * 50),
    SparsePauliOp("Z" * 50),
]

# Get ISA circuits
pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=1, backend=backend)

for qc, obs in zip(circuits, observables):
    isa_circuit = pm.run(qc)
    isa_obs = obs.apply_layout(isa_circuit.layout)
    pubs.append((isa_circuit, isa_obs))

estimator = Estimator(backend)
job = estimator.run(pubs)
job_result = job.result()

for idx in range(len(pubs)):
    pub_result = job_result[idx]
    print(f">>> Expectation values for PUB {idx}: {pub_result.data.evs}")
    print(f">>> Standard errors for PUB {idx}: {pub_result.data.stds}")

>>> Expectation values for PUB 0: -0.2650103519668737
>>> Standard errors for PUB 0: 0.49439861538856356
>>> Expectation values for PUB 1: -0.02099609375
>>> Standard errors for PUB 1: 0.013489459956524228
>>> Expectation values for PUB 2: 0.2788671023965142
>>> Standard errors for PUB 2: 0.4836236522960098

Magpatakbo ng mga parametrized na circuit

Gamitin ang Estimator para magpatakbo ng tatlong eksperimento sa isang job, gamit ang mga halaga ng parameter para mapataas ang muling paggamit ng circuit.

import numpy as np

from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, Parameter
from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp
from qiskit.transpiler import generate_preset_pass_manager
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService

# Legacy server-side primitive before qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
# from qiskit_ibm_runtime import Estimator

# Client-side primitive introduced in qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
from qiskit_ibm_runtime.executor_estimator import Estimator

service = QiskitRuntimeService()
backend = service.least_busy(operational=True, simulator=False)

# Step 1: Map classical inputs to a quantum problem
theta = Parameter("θ")

chsh_circuit = QuantumCircuit(2)
chsh_circuit.h(0)
chsh_circuit.cx(0, 1)
chsh_circuit.ry(theta, 0)

number_of_phases = 21
phases = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, number_of_phases)
individual_phases = [[ph] for ph in phases]

ZZ = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("ZZ", 1)])
ZX = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("ZX", 1)])
XZ = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("XZ", 1)])
XX = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("XX", 1)])
ops = [ZZ, ZX, XZ, XX]

# Step 2: Optimize problem for quantum execution.

pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=backend, optimization_level=1)
chsh_isa_circuit = pm.run(chsh_circuit)
isa_observables = [
    operator.apply_layout(chsh_isa_circuit.layout) for operator in ops
]

# Step 3: Execute using IBM Quantum primitives.

# Reshape observable array for broadcasting
reshaped_ops = np.fromiter(isa_observables, dtype=object)
reshaped_ops = reshaped_ops.reshape((4, 1))

estimator = Estimator(backend, options={"default_shots": int(1e4)})
job = estimator.run([(chsh_isa_circuit, reshaped_ops, individual_phases)])
# Get results for the first (and only) PUB
pub_result = job.result()[0]
print(f">>> Expectation values: {pub_result.data.evs}")
print(f">>> Standard errors: {pub_result.data.stds}")
print(f">>> Metadata: {pub_result.metadata}")

>>> Expectation values: [[ 0.9665404   0.90476418  0.77027221  0.53367788  0.27327396 -0.04118414
  -0.32496864 -0.5686415  -0.78657426 -0.91870673 -0.95667336 -0.91656172
  -0.78249875 -0.55877446 -0.2855005   0.0278851   0.31638861  0.58322755
   0.78829027  0.92428375  0.96267938]
 [ 0.01930507  0.31831912  0.5969556   0.80630833  0.92535625  0.96525339
   0.91312971  0.7689852   0.55062343  0.27992348 -0.01158304 -0.30287506
  -0.57679253 -0.80158932 -0.90562218 -0.96246488 -0.90669469 -0.77606373
  -0.55641496 -0.29193553  0.01630206]
 [-0.04719017 -0.35950326 -0.63599473 -0.84427497 -0.9669694  -1.00193302
  -0.93565229 -0.77992474 -0.53861139 -0.25782991  0.05898771  0.34834922
   0.62998871  0.83655294  0.95817487  1.00021701  0.93307828  0.77606373
   0.54547542  0.26662444 -0.06670973]
 [ 0.9969995   0.93543779  0.76426619  0.55963247  0.24967888 -0.06241972
  -0.35221024 -0.63620924 -0.83440793 -0.96568239 -1.00536503 -0.93415078
  -0.77949574 -0.56284998 -0.26855494  0.05362519  0.35070873  0.61797667
   0.84212996  0.97104491  0.99850101]]
>>> Standard errors: [[0.00518482 0.00616652 0.00723301 0.01064988 0.01139583 0.01174119
  0.01301757 0.01155567 0.00848267 0.00690879 0.00492396 0.00613768
  0.00678488 0.00840832 0.01404782 0.01184222 0.00982484 0.00854968
  0.00764619 0.00774419 0.00621175]
 [0.01590044 0.01095813 0.01205478 0.00872719 0.00609088 0.0043678
  0.00579195 0.00857024 0.01184119 0.01191681 0.01262258 0.01090978
  0.01346398 0.00940893 0.00709353 0.00454548 0.00795003 0.00900232
  0.00768466 0.01225787 0.01271092]
 [0.01265687 0.01230849 0.00961079 0.00725756 0.00469446 0.00444008
  0.00683132 0.00804195 0.01140408 0.01165563 0.01001761 0.01300941
  0.01014068 0.00822676 0.00511424 0.00465829 0.00659315 0.00633185
  0.00865837 0.0101667  0.01090357]
 [0.00399857 0.0064308  0.0071202  0.00974728 0.01066452 0.01082351
  0.01311009 0.01053503 0.00801145 0.00501261 0.00499458 0.00673144
  0.00871285 0.00998373 0.01241673 0.01345925 0.00835253 0.00686725
  0.00814337 0.00466632 0.00432618]]
>>> Metadata: {'shots': 10016, 'target_precision': 0.01, 'circuit_metadata': {}, 'resilience': {}, 'num_randomizations': 32}

Gumamit ng mga batch at mga advanced na opsyon

I-explore ang execution mode ng batch at mga advanced na opsyon para i-optimize ang pagganap ng circuit sa mga QPU.

import numpy as np
from qiskit.circuit.library import iqp
from qiskit.transpiler import generate_preset_pass_manager
from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp, random_hermitian
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService, Batch

# Legacy server-side primitive before qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
# from qiskit_ibm_runtime import Estimator

# Client-side primitive introduced in qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.50.0
from qiskit_ibm_runtime.executor_estimator import Estimator

n_qubits = 15

service = QiskitRuntimeService()
backend = service.least_busy(
    operational=True, simulator=False, min_num_qubits=n_qubits
)

rng = np.random.default_rng(1234)
mat = np.real(random_hermitian(n_qubits, seed=rng))
circuit = iqp(mat)
mat = np.real(random_hermitian(n_qubits, seed=rng))
another_circuit = iqp(mat)
observable = SparsePauliOp("X" * n_qubits)
another_observable = SparsePauliOp("Y" * n_qubits)

pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=1, backend=backend)
isa_circuit = pm.run(circuit)
another_isa_circuit = pm.run(another_circuit)
isa_observable = observable.apply_layout(isa_circuit.layout)
another_isa_observable = another_observable.apply_layout(
    another_isa_circuit.layout
)

# The context manager automatically closes the batch.
with Batch(backend=backend) as batch:
    estimator = Estimator(mode=batch)

    estimator.options.resilience_level = 1

    job = estimator.run([(isa_circuit, isa_observable)])
    another_job = estimator.run(
        [(another_isa_circuit, another_isa_observable)]
    )
    result = job.result()
    another_result = another_job.result()

    # first job
    print(f" > Expectation value: {result[0].data.evs}")
    print(f" > Metadata: {result[0].metadata}")

    # second job
    print(f" > Another Expectation value: {another_result[0].data.evs}")
    print(f" > More Metadata: {another_result[0].metadata}")

> Expectation value: 0.026385707741639945
 > Metadata: {'shots': 4096, 'target_precision': 0.015625, 'circuit_metadata': {}, 'resilience': {}, 'num_randomizations': 32}
 > Another Expectation value: 0.0134052163776774
 > More Metadata: {'shots': 4096, 'target_precision': 0.015625, 'circuit_metadata': {}, 'resilience': {}, 'num_randomizations': 32}

Mga susunod na hakbang

Mga rekomendasyon

Tukuyin ang mga advanced na opsyon ng runtime.
Magsanay sa mga primitive sa pamamagitan ng pagdaan sa aralin sa Cost function sa IBM Quantum® Learning.
Alamin kung paano mag-transpile nang lokal sa seksyon ng Transpile.
Subukan ang gabay na Ihambing ang mga setting ng transpiler.
Unawain ang Mga limitasyon ng job kapag nagpapadala ng job sa isang IBM® QPU.

Magpatakbo ng isang eksperimento​

Magpatakbo ng maraming eksperimento sa isang job​

Magpatakbo ng mga parametrized na circuit​

Gumamit ng mga batch at mga advanced na opsyon​

Mga susunod na hakbang​

Magpatakbo ng isang eksperimento

Magpatakbo ng maraming eksperimento sa isang job

Magpatakbo ng mga parametrized na circuit

Gumamit ng mga batch at mga advanced na opsyon

Mga susunod na hakbang